HVdc has emerged as an economically viable solution for long distance large power applications.

• HVdc cables keep energy losses to 3% per 1,000 km
• Long underwater AC cables are impractical due to losses
• HVdc cables generate virtually no electromagnetic fields
• HVdc systems offer excellent (4 quadrant) control over power flows
• Underwater routes minimize environmental impact
• HVdc transmission has a high rate of availability and reliability
• Underwater HVdc systems have extremely high reliability of service and are almost invulnerable to weather outage events

AC				DC

In the late 1880s, Edison was building a DC network in NYC to meet the needs of New Yorkers.The competing Tesla – Westinghouse AC system ultimately won the technology battle due to the invention of the AC transformer which allowed large quantities of power to be efficiently transmitted from remote sites to communities all across North America. In the 1970s, new technologies in high voltage, solid state power electronics changed the playing field; DC became a viable choice for many markets worldwide.